Introduction Protein is a complex nitrogenous complex with a high molecular mass that is a polymer of amino acids. This macromolecule is considered to be the main component of all life. It is not possible to imagine the existence of any animal without protein. All proteins are composed of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen. There […]
Hormonal proteins structure and functions Read More »
Introduction Pentose sugar is a component of nucleotides. Nucleotides are biological molecules that act as monomers and as subunits of DNA and RNA. These biological molecules carry energy packets to the cell in the form of nucleoside triphosphate (ATP, GTP, CTP, and UTP), which play a key role in metabolic processes. Nucleotides are formed by
What is a pentose sugar? Read More »
Introduction The body constantly needs energy to control various biological functions. The organism consumes food to gain this energy. The static energy in food that is stored from solar energy through the process of photosynthesis is converted into kinetic energy through a biochemical process of respiration. The organism performs physiological functions such as food intake,
Krebs cycle: definitions, features and stages Read More »
Introduction Ribose 5-phosphate is a product produced in the non-oxidative phase of the pentose phosphate pathway. The sequence of steps of enzymatic reactions where a precursor is converted into a product through a series of metabolic intermediates is known as the metabolic pathway. The pentose phosphate pathway is also a metabolic pathway. It is the
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Introduction Decomposers in grassland refer to the microorganisms of the grassland region that decomposed the animal’s and plant’s bodies. Grassland is an area where different types of plants, animals, and microorganisms live and they are related to each other. All the animals present in grassland depend on plants for food. Decomposers depend on the carcasses
Decomposers in grassland: Role and types Read More »
Introduction Food is an essential element for human survival it provides energy to the body, builds tissues, and helps to maintain life. A person can live only three weeks without food. The role of food is very important to provide energy to the organisms, to build the body, and to manage life properly. Food is
Irritable bowel syndromes: Symptoms and remedies Read More »
Introduction Food serves as the primary source of nutrition for both animals and the human body. When consumed in solid, semi-solid, or liquid forms, it undergoes a series of digestive processes within the human body. This digestion is essential as it provides the body with the necessary energy for various physiological functions. The diverse organic
Carbohydrate foods in human nutrition: Role and other functions Read More »
Introduction Grassland abiotic factors refer to the various Physical or non-living components of the grassland. It is an area where grass predominates in vegetation. The grasslands are naturally seen on all continents, except the Antarctic continent. Some elements have a direct and indirect role in the formation of grasslands in every corner of the globe.
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Introduction Xylem and phloem are the types of plant vascular tissues. The primary function of both tissues is to assist the transport of water and mineral salts in the plant body. But these two tissues are different from each other. Xylem vs phloem microscopic differences are the primary topic discussed here. A tissue is a
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Introduction The atmosphere is the only source of nitrogen with a total amount of about 78%. The nitrification process is one of the steps of the nitrogen cycle. This nitrogen is the most essential element for all living organisms. This nitrogen circulates from the atmosphere to the biosphere and again from the biosphere to the
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