Introduction Gregor Johann Mendel was a 19th-century Austrian abbot who was also a biologist and mathematician. He started his experiments regarding the pattern of inheritance in 1856. Primarily, he started with mice. However, he later switched to honeybees and garden peas. In the end, garden peas became the primary model for his experiments. Hence, this … Read more
Introduction Gregor Mendel achieved a breakthrough with his experiments in the field of Genetics. However, he generally worked on a controlled setup. His laws applied to many of the plants. But, after replacing the pea plants with Arabidopsis thaliana or Zea mays, scientists found that they were not following Mendel’s laws. This inconsistency was assessed … Read more
Introduction Vascular cambium is the main form of tissue development in angiosperms and gymnosperms like Pine. The vascular system is composed of the xylem and phloem. It has two types, primary and secondary. The primary xylem and phloem construct the primary tissues. The vascular cambium gives rise to the secondary xylem and phloem. This is … Read more
Introduction The gymnosperm (naked seed-bearing vascular plants) ‘Gymnos’ and ‘Sperma’ in Greek means naked and seed. As the name suggests, the ovules remain exposed, both before and after the completion of fertilization. Gymnosperms are mostly woody (in some cases shrubby) in nature, having roots, shoots, and leaves. The root system is generally like dicots (tap … Read more
Know in one minute about Enzyme immunoassay Enzyme immunoassay is an important technique for the detection of proteins, hormones, peptides, etc. EIA determines the sample by using enzyme-linked antibodies. Horseradish Peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase is used for labeling antigens or antibodies because they have chromogenic substrates. Enzyme immunoassay performs both qualitative and quantitative tests. We can … Read more
Introduction Do animal cells have a cell wall? well, the answer to this very curious question is “Animal cells do not possess a cell wall”. It is exclusively present in all plant cells, fungi, bacteria & cyanobacteria. Some protists also have cell walls. The cell wall is basically the outermost, rigid & nonliving covering. In … Read more
Know in one minute about the Classification of life The classification of life is mainly based on basis of their similarities and dissimilarities or according to their natural relationship to each other. Carolus Linnaeus also known as the “Father of Taxonomy” was the pioneer in the work of classification. He was the first to suggest … Read more
Know in one minute about EcoRI Restriction Enzyme EcoRI Restriction Enzyme is a type II restriction endonuclease. It was derived from the bacteria Escherichia coli RY13. It is the first enzyme to have been derived. The recognition sequence of this enzyme discovered in 1972 is 5′-GAATTC-3′. It consists of four nucleotide bases namely guanine, adenine, … Read more
Introduction The ancient civilizations of the Aztecs and the Mayans were among the most fascinating and influential cultures in Mesoamerica. Although they shared some similarities due to their geographical proximity and cultural exchanges. However, there were also significant differences between the Aztec and Mayan civilizations. This article aims to explore and highlight the key distinctions … Read more
Introduction When the Spaniards tried to colonize the New World and the Americas in the 16th century, they found the Maya, Aztec, and Inca civilizations there as living civilizations. Because of this, these three civilizations have become known to people all over the world. The history and overall identity of these three civilizations Aztec Mayan … Read more
